Author Archives: gray_ealingvets

Lungworm in dogs

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Lungworm or Angiostrongylus vasorum is being seen more commonly in dogs in our region of West London.  It is spread from foxes to slugs or snails, and if a dog eats a slug or snail or licks the slug “trail” it can become infected. This can progress to a life threatening infection, which can cause coughing, lethargy , bleeding or even heart failure.

It can be prevented by a monthly treatment of a spot on to the back of the neck – Advocate.

Have a look at this video which explains the life cycle

Advocate monthly spot on

For more information or to contact your local surgery see

www.youngvets.co.uk

Firework noise phobias in dogs

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Bonfire night is fast approaching with the associated fireworks and this is the time of year that we get lots of enquiries about how to manage dogs that are fearful of fireworks.

My tips are

  • Give your dog a safe area to go to such as a crate or cupboard under the stairs, and provide plenty of bedding to allow him to burrow in.
  • Leaving a loud radio or turn the television up  can help also, or play classical music.
  • Use dog pheromones – a spray , plug in diffuser or collar are available which emit a scent that reassures and calms the dog. This is called DAP (dog appeasing pheromone) and can be purchased at the veterinary surgery. The plug in diffuser should be placed near the safe area.  Your dog can also wear a DAP collar, so that the calming scent accompanies him if he moves around.

  • Dog appeasing pheromone

  • Ensure that your dog does not get extra attention when acting in a frightened manner. This can make the problem worse in that he may think that by acting frightened he will get more attention. You should continue with your normal routine, and only give him reward with attention after he has calmed down.
  • Provide toys or chews as a distraction.
  • Take your dog out early to toilet before the fireworks begin.
  • Close the curtains, and put on lights to reduce flashes from the fireworks.
  • Finally it is possible to try to desensitize your pet to noises, by using various CD’s such as Sounds Scary, or soundtherapy4pets.com, which start off by playing noises at low volume and gradually increasing the volume. This can take many weeks or months and is best started early in the year well before bonfire night.
  • For contact details of your local surgery see www.youngvets.co.uk

Cat heart disease – veterinary ultrasound scan

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Cats can develop heart disease called cardiomyopathy. The most common form is caused by a thickening of the heart muscle (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy).

Unfortunately cats often hide this problem very well, and may show no symptoms until seriously ill.  Your vet may be able to hear a heart murmur or irregular rhythm, which could indicate a problem.  It is important to have regular check ups (at least yearly) so that your vet can check for problems like this. The best way to diagnose this disease is by ultrasound scan.

This video shows a normal cat heart on ultrasound scan. You can see the moving heart valves (mitral valves) of the left side of the heart towards the bottom of the picture. These  valves are between the top chamber called the atrium and the bottom chamber called the ventricles.

Dog prostate disease – a new screening test

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Dog prostate disease is seen commonly in entire male dogs.  A new screening test has just become available to detect the commonest problem called benign prostatic hypertrophy or BPH.  Over 50% of dogs over five years of age show histological signs of early BPH.

BPH can cause

  • constipation or straining to pass motions
  • blood in the urine or straining to pass urine
  • pain, lameness of the back legs
  • infertility

  • prostate and surrounding organs

BPH if untreated may progress and lead to more serious conditions such as prostate abscesses and cysts.

A new simple blood test has just been developed and is now available to screen for prostate disease,  and is recommended for all older entire male dogs on an annual basis.

The blood test is for a specific hormone (canine prostate-specific arginine esterase- CPSE) that is secreted by the prostate cells and is increased in dogs with BPH. The sample can be taken at a normal appointment with your veterinary surgeon.

Treatment for BPH is relatively simple and can be  either medical with  a long acting injection or a course of tablets,  or surgical involving castration.

Dog ear infections and causes

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Dog ear infections are commonly seen in many breeds but why is this ?

ear anatomy

Certain breeds such as those with long floppy ears may be more susceptible, but we do see ear infections in all breeds with all types of ears.

The main causes are

  • Bacterial or fungal infection– if the ear becomes full of wax, it blocks the air flow into the ear, and it becomes hot and sticky. The normal bacteria or fungi that live on all skin can then grow rapidly and cause an infection. This often causes the ear to give off a pungent smell.

Treatment involves a visit to your vet to confirm the infection and then usually a course of  antibiotic containing ear drops, possibly with an ear cleaner and  oral antibiotic tablets.

Prevention- keeping the ear free from a build up of wax is the most important way to prevent ear infections. You can use an ear cleaner which helps dissolve and move the wax out of the ear once or twice weekly.

ear cleaning solutions

  • Allergies–  unfortunately allergies are common in dogs to a variety of indoor and outdoor allergens. The commonest  allergen is the house dust mite,  however other allergens such as  pollens and grasses can occur.  Food allergies are rarer but do sometimes occur.  All of these allergens can cause inflammation and redness of the outer ear and ear canal lining. This causes increased secretion of wax and a secondary infection often follows.

Treatment involves investigation of underlying allergies with possibly exclusion diets, or blood tests. The allergy will need to be treated as well as the ear infection, to prevent recurrences of the ear infection.

  • Ear mites can be the cause of an infection, but as they are passed on by close contact between dogs such as grooming each other, they are much more common in young puppies. If your puppy has noticeably waxy ears you should ask your vet to check him for ear mites.

Treatment may involve ear drops for some weeks and a spot on treatment such as stronghold.

  • Grass seeds can lodge in the ear canal and cause acute onset head shaking as well as secondary ear infections. They are mainly a problem in the summer months.

Treatment usually requires either heavy sedation or anaesthetic to remove the grass seed as it often passes deep down to the level of the ear drum.

Lifesaving surgery for Buster

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Buster a 9 month old Springer Spaniel was attacked by a Bull Mastiff whilst out for a walk on his lead with his owner. He was rushed to our Hounslow surgery, where he was given immediate treatment for shock, and placed on a fluid infusion pump.

Buster had severe bite wounds to his head and neck. Further investigations of his wounds  revealed that he had suffered a 90% laceration to his wind pipe (trachea). This was a life-threatening injury, so  Buster was anaesthetised and had an airway tube passed across the torn wind-pipe to administer oxygen and anaesthetic gas, before being rushed into the operating theatre, where his torn wind-pipe was repaired, together with other skin wounds.

Buster needed close anaesthetic monitoring for this delicate surgery and required a  continuous ecg (monitoring heart rate and rhythm) and blood pressure monitoring, throughout the procedure.

torn wind-pipe (with orange airway tube visible)

repairing wind-pipe

Buster’s breathing immediately improved, and he was kept in the hospital to monitor his recovery.

Buster recovering from surgery

Buster continued to recover well and here he is the day following surgery looking a little the worse for wear, but progressing encouragingly well. His appetite had returned which is always a good sign!

one day post surgery

Kitten litter training

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Kitten litter training should  start as soon as you get them home, usually at 6-8 weeks old.

  • Place the litter tray away from the feeding area, in a quiet area, away from busy passageways.
  • Place the kitten on the litter tray immediately after each feed, and reward them with praise if they perform their toilet.
  • Clean the litter tray out daily (scooping out soiled areas and replacing with fresh litter), and completely wash the tray out once weekly.
  • Different types of litter are available,  but some cats may have a preference for a certain type.  I would suggest avoiding types with citrus fragrances. Clumping type sand like clay based litters are usually very well accepted.
  • Clean up any “accidents” with enzymatic washing powder and warm water. Do not use ammonia or hypochlorite containing bleach based disinfectants as they can smell to the kitten like another cats urine, and so encourage them to go toilet again in the same area.
  • You should have one litter tray per cat in the house plus one extra tray, in different locations.